SOFT - TIAFT 1998 Scientific Session 2 Wednesday October 7, 1998
DETECTION TIMES OF 6-ACETYLMORPHINE, FREE MORPHINE AND TOTAL MORPHINE IN URINE AFTER SMOKING HEROIN
Click Picture Michael L. Smith, Budda D. Paul, Eric Shimomura, Jacqueline Summers, Amanda J. Jenkins*, William D. Darwin* and Edward J. Cone*

Division of Forensic Toxicology, Armed Forces Iinstitute of Pathology, Rockville, MD, USA.
* Addiction Research Center, IRP, NIDA, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA

Heroin was administered to four human subjects at doses of 3.5-13.9 mg by smoking. Urine samples were collected and tested by GC-MS procedures under blind conditions. The total amounts of 6-AM, free morphine and total morphine (M ± SEM) excreted in urine were 0.49 ± 0.14, 4.6 ± 1.0, and 53.5 ± 10.8 mole percent of the administered heroin, respectively. Detection times of the last specimen positive for the heroin metabolites at the cutoff concentrations indicated are presented in the table.

Heroin 6-AM Free Morphine Total Morphine
Dose, mg 10 ng/mL 100 ng/mL 300 ng/mL 2000 ng/mL 4000 ng/mL
3.5 (n = 4) 0-4.9 hr 2.3-5.7 hr 7.9-27.5 hr 0-4.9 hr 0-2.3 hr
5.2 (n = 1) 2.3 2.9 7.5 2.3 0
7.0 (n = 2) 0-2.4 2.2-2.4 10.0-16.4 2.4-6.0 0
10.5 (n = 2) 2.3-5.9 2.3-8.4 10.7-28.9 2.3-8.4 0-5.9
13.9 (n = 1) 11.2 22.3 47.8 22.3 11.2

Free morphine and total morphine at cutoff concentrations of 100 ng/mL and 2000 ng/mL, respectively, correlated better with 6-AM at a cutoff concentration of 10 ng/mL and produced fewer false positives and false negatives than total morphine at the cutoff concentrations of 300 or 4000 ng/mL. Measurement of total morphine and 6-AM required two confirmation methods. Measurement of free morphine had the advantage that it could be assayed with 6-AM in one confirmation procedure.

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