TIAFT Young Scientists "Workshop 2001"

Immunochromatographic teststrips for saliva analysis

Jörg Zimmermann*, Nele Samyn**, Maria da Costa***, Thomas Wuske***, Rainer Polzius***, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein*

* 1. Universität Hamburg, Institut für Pharmazie, Bundesstr. 45, D-20146 Hamburg
** 2. Nationaal Instituut voor Criminalistiek en Criminologie, Brussels, Belgium
*** Drägerwerke AG, D-23542 Lübeck

Testing saliva for drugs of abuse is a challenging task. Although many aspects still need further research and development the analysis of drugs in saliva seems to be promising. A topic of interest is driving under the influence of drugs of abuse which is a major problem for traffic safety. Saliva could give information about the drug concentration in blood in a very rapid and easy way [1, 2]. Therefore we investigated the detection of these substances in oral fluid using a lateral flow immuno-chromatographic teststrip with competitive detection system e.g. decreasing signal for positive samples.

Two different types of strips were designed. The first one is sensitive for opioids and cocaine and a second one for the detection of amphetamines. During this development the sensitivity was measured using aqueous solutions of the analytes. Having suitable test systems we studied the sensitivity with frozen saliva samples from persons being suspected of driving under the influence of drugs. 10 microl of saliva which represent the volume being collected on the tongue were pipetted on the test pin. The saliva was eluted onto the strip with 100 microl of buffer solution and the result could be determined after 2 min. Every sample was tested twice. After drying the strips the intensity of the two lines was measured using a scanner. The relation between the detection and control line signal was calculated and these values were compared with the results of a GC/MS analysis. The corresponding graphs will be presented together with images of typical teststrip results.

Literature

1. N. Samyn, A. Verstraete, C. van Haeren, P. Kintz, Analysis of Drugs of abuse in saliva. FORENSIC SCI REV, (1999) 11(1): 1-19
2. G.Skopp, L.Pötsch , Perspiration versus saliva- basic aspects concerning their use in roadside drug testing INT J LEGAL MED (1999) 112: 213-221

ABSTRACTS

• Pitfalls associated with the use of a simple sample preparation in the analysis of saliva with LC-ESI-MS/MS.
  K.A. Mortier, K.M. Clauwaert, W.E. Lambert, J.F. Van Bocxlaer, E.G. Van den Eeckhout, C.H. Van Peteghem, and A.P. De Leenheer
   
  
• Oral Fluid Testing in Road Traffic - The German Experience within the ROSITA Project
  S. Steinmeyer, H. Ohr, and M. R. Moeller
   
  
• The use of oral fluid and sweat wipes for the detection of drugs of abuse in impaired drivers
  Nele Samyn, Bart Viaene, Bart Laeremans, Gert De Boeck
   
  
• Detection of Fluoxetine and Norfluoxetine in Saliva
  Fiona M. Wylie and John S. Oliver
   
  
• Measurement of Amphetamines in Biological Samples by LC-MS/MS
  Michelle Wood, Michael Morris, Donald P Cooper
   
  
• Immunochromatographic teststrips for saliva analysis
  Jörg Zimmermann1, Nele Samyn, Maria da Costa, Thomas Wuske, Rainer Polzius, Hans-Jürgen Duchstein1
   
  
• Determination of MDMA ('Ecstasy') in saliva: a controlled study in recreational users
  Monica Navarro, Magi Farré, Simona Pichini, Jordi Ortuño, Pere Nolasc Roset, Ester Menoyo, Jordi Segura, Rafael de la Torre
   
  
• Determination of MDMA ('Ecstasy') in saliva with Drugwipe analytical device: a controlled study in recreational users
  Monica Navarro, Magi Farré, Simona Pichini, Piergiorgio Zuccaro, Roberta Pacifici, Jordi Ortuño, Pere Nolasc Roset, Ester Menoyo, Jordi Segura, Rafael de la Torre
   
  
• Elimination kinetics of oral nandrolone in urine and saliva
  V. Cirimele, P. Kintz B. Ludes
   
  
• Determination of Cocaine and its Metabolites in Saliva by GC/MS-EI
  P. Campora O.; A.M. Bermejo B.; M.J. Tabernero and P. Fernandez.
   
  
• The Finnish experience from the ROSITA project
  Marielle Grönholm and Pirjo Lillsunde